feat: Implement a DFA and Mealy Automaton

test/automaton_test.dart

@@ -0,0 +1,79 @@
+import "package:moxlib/automaton.dart";
+
+import "package:test/test.dart";
+
+enum States {
+  a, b, c, trap
+}
+
+void main() {
+  test("Test a simple DFA", () {
+      final automaton = DeterministicFiniteAutomaton<States, int>(States.a);
+      automaton.addTransition(States.a, 1, States.b);
+      automaton.addTransition(States.b, 2, States.c);
+      automaton.addTransition(States.c, 3, States.a);
+
+      expect(automaton.state, States.a);
+      automaton.onInput(1);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.b);
+      automaton.onInput(2);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.c);
+      automaton.onInput(3);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.a);
+  });
+
+  test("Test a simple DFA with a trap state", () { 
+      final automaton = DeterministicFiniteAutomaton<States, int>(States.a, trapState: States.trap);
+      automaton.addTransition(States.a, 1, States.b);
+      automaton.addTransition(States.b, 2, States.c);
+      automaton.addTransition(States.c, 3, States.a);
+
+      expect(automaton.state, States.a);
+      automaton.onInput(1);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.b);
+      automaton.onInput(2);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.c);
+      automaton.onInput(4);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.trap);
+
+      // Transitioning away from the trap state should not be possible
+      automaton.onInput(5);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.trap);
+  });
+
+  test("Test a simple Mealy Automaton", () {
+      bool called = false;
+      final callback = (state, input) {
+        called = true;
+      };
+      final automaton = MealyAutomaton<States, int>(States.a);
+
+      automaton.addTransition(States.a, 1, States.b, callback);
+
+      automaton.onInput(1);
+
+      expect(automaton.state, States.b);
+      expect(called, true);
+  });
+
+  test("Test a simple Mealy Automaton with a trap state", () {
+      bool called = false;
+      bool trapCalled = false;
+      final callback = (state, input) {
+        called = true;
+      };
+      final trapCallback = (state, input) {
+        trapCalled = true;
+      };
+      final automaton = MealyAutomaton<States, int>(States.a, trapState: States.trap, trapCallback: trapCallback);
+
+      automaton.addTransition(States.a, 1, States.b, callback);
+
+      automaton.onInput(1);
+      expect(called, true);
+
+      automaton.onInput(1);
+      expect(automaton.state, States.trap);
+      expect(trapCalled, true);
+  });
+}